Wednesday, July 25, 2012

Development of manganese materials for refrigeration applications

Magnetic cooling alloys
Many magnetic materials react with a change in temperature, when placed in a magnetic field or away from it. Researchers at the Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden and TU Darmstadt have Heuslerlegierung of nickel, manganese, cobalt, indium, and examined more closely, in the magnetocaloric effect is particularly large. The researchers propose to use the material for the development of highly efficient refrigerators. This could achieve a higher efficiency than the established compression chillers.

This phenomenon has been known since 1881 found only a few technical applications. Physicists use it for example in order to produce extremely low temperatures near absolute zero. For a broader application, it is still a lack of suitable materials. The main reason is that the Curie temperature above which no longer occurs, the effect is very low for many substances. Several research groups are working on materials exhibiting magnetocaloric behavior at higher temperatures up to room temperature, require only small magnetic field strengths, while inexpensive, nontoxic and readily available are.

Physics of the cooling process

purchase guarantee signed production in the Big George manganese mine

Bracken International Mining: $ 260 million purchase guarantee signed production in the Big George manganese mine

Hamburg (press relations) - Bracken International Mining signed $ 260 million decrease in warranty? Production in the Big George manganese mine

Things to do
? $ 260 million (30.000t per month) purchase guarantee with sanitary Trading;
? Positive cash balance in the last quarter of 2012;
? Development of staff training and health facilities in Kupang continue.

Bracken International Mining is pleased to announce that it has signed a contract with the trading of sanitary Qingdoa, China, has signed concerning the supply of manganese ore from its mine at Big George West Timor, Indonesia with a total value of $ 260 million.

Sanit will buy 30,000 tonnes of manganese per month, which is exported via the nearby port of Kupang. The first delivery will take place late November 2012.

The sale was completed following the letter of intent in May. Another MoU was signed with Shandong Coking Coal, and it is expected that the contract is signed promptly.